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Which of the following is true of body fluids?


A) All body fluids, including water, are aqueous solutions.
B) The chemical analysis of body fluids helps diagnose diseases in the body.
C) Blood plasma directly surrounds most cells and fills spaces between them.
D) Body fluids that are not inside the cells are collectively called interstitial fluid.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Examine the following diagram of a kidney nephron and the surrounding circulatory system. Blood enters the capsule and glomerulus. Which of the following components of the blood will eventually pass to the proximal tubule? Examine the following diagram of a kidney nephron and the surrounding circulatory system. Blood enters the capsule and glomerulus. Which of the following components of the blood will eventually pass to the proximal tubule?   A)  red blood cells B)  protein molecules C)  leukocytes D)  sugars


A) red blood cells
B) protein molecules
C) leukocytes
D) sugars

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Which type of blood cell is involved in the clotting mechanism?


A) erythrocytes
B) thrombocytes
C) leukocytes
D) agranular leukocytes
E) All the different types of blood cells are involved in the process of a clot formation.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following drugs are the most common treatment for hypertension?


A) ACE inhibitors
B) diuretics
C) beta blockers
D) vasodilators

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following surrounds cells and fills the spaces between them?


A) synovial fluid
B) lymph
C) blood plasma
D) interstitial fluid

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following diseases is indicated by the presence of ketone bodies and glucose in urine?


A) diabetes
B) nephritis
C) hypertension

D) A) and B)
E) All of the above

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Which of the following is true of hemoglobin?


A) Hemoglobin transports O2 to the alveoli from the tissues.
B) Each hemoglobin molecule can hold a total of two O2 molecules.
C) Hemoglobin helps in the formation of a blood clot.
D) Hemoglobin is made up of two alpha and two beta protein chains.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which blood pressure category does a person fall under who has a systolic pressure of 188 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 110 mm Hg?


A) prehypertension
B) hypertensive crisis
C) normal

D) None of the above
E) All of the above

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Which of the following is the approximate partial pressure of oxygen in venous blood?


A) 40 mm Hg
B) 100 mm Hg
C) 160 mm Hg
D) 760 mm Hg

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is the most prevalent type of blood cells?


A) erythrocytes
B) thrombocytes
C) granulocytes
D) agranular leukocytes
E) The different types of blood cells are found in about equal amounts.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Identify the portion of a nephron where most of the glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed.


A) the distal tubule
B) Henle's loop
C) the glomerulus
D) the proximal tubule

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Carbonic anhydrase is associated with the establishment of which of the following equilibria?


A) H2CO3
Carbonic anhydrase is associated with the establishment of which of the following equilibria? A)  H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> <sub> </sub>   H<sup>+</sup> + HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> B)  H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> <sub> </sub>   H<sub>2</sub>O + CO<sub>2</sub> C)  both of these D)  none of these H+ + HCO3
B) H2CO3
Carbonic anhydrase is associated with the establishment of which of the following equilibria? A)  H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> <sub> </sub>   H<sup>+</sup> + HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> B)  H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> <sub> </sub>   H<sub>2</sub>O + CO<sub>2</sub> C)  both of these D)  none of these H2O + CO2
C) both of these
D) none of these

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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