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The system of knowledge, beliefs, values, rituals and artefacts by which a society or other large group defines itself is called:


A) culture.
B) long term orientation.
C) law.
D) social identity.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Compared to habitual decision-making, limited decision-making by a consumer will generally involve:


A) less frequently purchased products.
B) lower priced products.
C) less evaluation of options.
D) both a and c.
E) None of the options listed.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Which of the following statements is correct?


A) Beliefs may be based on knowledge, opinions or faith.
B) Beliefs may be accurate or inaccurate.
C) An attitude is an individual's relatively stable and consistent thoughts, feelings and behaviours.
D) Attitudes and beliefs are ly slow or difficult to change.
E) All of the options listed.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The term used to describe the analysis of the behaviour of individuals and households who buy goods and services for personal consumption is known as:


A) social behaviour.
B) external behaviour.
C) consumer behaviour.
D) customer behaviour.
E) target market behaviour.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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How can a marketer attempt to reduce the likelihood of a purchaser of their product experiencing cognitive dissonance?


A) By offering bonuses or rebates to be redeemed sometime after purchase, to give the purchaser additional value.
B) By ensuring that their products, when used, will meet consumer expectations.
C) Both a and b.
D) By increasing the price of their product.
E) It is not possible for a marketer to influence the potential cognitive dissonance of a consumer.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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You go to the supermarket and buy a loaf of bread. It is the same bread that you 'always' buy and your decision is classed as low involvement. Your decision making behaviour can be defined as:


A) frequent decision making.
B) extended decision making.
C) limited decision making.
D) habitual decision making.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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On Hofstede's dimension of culture scale, which country or countries below is most likely to have the highest score for being 'individualistic'?


A) United States.
B) Australia.
C) New Zealand.
D) Malaysia.
E) United Kingdom.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Which element/s of a person's attitude should a marketing campaign attempt to positively influence?


A) The cognitive component.
B) The affective component.
C) The behavioural component.
D) None of the options listed.
E) Options a, b and c.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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You share common attitudes, values and behaviours with a group of individuals which distinguishes the group from the broader culture in which you live. This is:


A) your long-term orientation.
B) multiculturalism.
C) a subculture.
D) a social class.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following statements is correct?


A) Cognitive learning theories are more relevant to simple consumer problem solving situations.
B) Cognitive learning theories are more relevant to high-involvement purchasing decisions.
C) Cognitive learning theories describe learning in which behaviour that results in a pleasant experience is likely to be repeated.
D) Classical conditioning is an example of a cognitive learning theory.
E) None of the options listed.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of these lists is in the correct order from lower level needs to higher level needs?


A) Thirst, money, intimacy, success, recognition.
B) Hunger, housing, intimacy, respect, success.
C) Thirst, housing, success, intimacy, respect.
D) Hunger, intimacy, housing, respect, achievement.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following could potentially be classified as a patronage motive for consumers to shop at a supermarket?


A) Location.
B) Convenience.
C) Lowest prices.
D) Social experience.
E) All of the options listed.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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At which stage of the consumer decision making process might the consumer decide not to make a purchase?


A) Purchase.
B) Evaluation of options.
C) Cognitive dissonance.
D) Information search.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Marketers of medical insurance could be best categorised as responding to which of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?


A) Self-actualisation.
B) Esteem.
C) Physiological.
D) Safety.
E) None of the options listed.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following statements is incorrect?


A) Perception is subjective.
B) Perception can be particular to an individual.
C) Perception is objective.
D) Perception can be selective.
E) None of the options listed.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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At retailers like Cotton On, and in many supermarkets like Coles and Woolworths, there are small items placed near the checkout. These could include items such as magazines, reusable bags, water and confectionary. This is used to encourage purchasing of items that consumers may not need, or realise they need. This is an example of:


A) impulse purchasing.
B) habitual purchasing.
C) limited purchasing.
D) none of the above.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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